Hebrews 11:8-39

Session 2: The Characteristics of Faith

7By faith Noah, being warned by God concerning events as yet unseen, in reverent fear constructed an ark for the saving of his household. By this he condemned the world and became an heir of the righteousness that comes by faith.
8By faith Abraham obeyed when he was called to go out to a place that he was to receive as an inheritance. And he went out, not knowing where he was going.
9By faith he went to live in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, living in tents with Isaac and Jacob, heirs with him of the same promise.
10For he was looking forward to the city that has foundations, whose designer and builder is God.
11By faith Sarah herself received power to conceive, even when she was past the age, since she considered him faithful who had promised.
12Therefore from one man, and him as good as dead, were born descendants as many as the stars of heaven and as many as the innumerable grains of sand by the seashore.
13These all died in faith, not having received the things promised, but having seen them and greeted them from afar, and having acknowledged that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.
14For people who speak thus make it clear that they are seeking a homeland.
15If they had been thinking of that land from which they had gone out, they would have had opportunity to return.
16But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God, for he has prepared for them a city.
17By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was in the act of offering up his only son,
18of whom it was said, "Through Isaac shall your offspring be named."
19He considered that God was able even to raise him from the dead, from which, figuratively speaking, he did receive him back.
20By faith Isaac invoked future blessings on Jacob and Esau.
21By faith Jacob, when dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, bowing in worship over the head of his staff.
22By faith Joseph, at the end of his life, made mention of the exodus of the Israelites and gave directions concerning his bones.
23By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents, because they saw that the child was beautiful, and they were not afraid of the king's edict.
24By faith Moses, when he was grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaoh's daughter,
25choosing rather to be mistreated with the people of God than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin.
26He considered the reproach of Christ greater wealth than the treasures of Egypt, for he was looking to the reward.
27By faith he left Egypt, not being afraid of the anger of the king, for he endured as seeing him who is invisible.
28By faith he kept the Passover and sprinkled the blood, so that the Destroyer of the firstborn might not touch them.
29By faith the people crossed the Red Sea as on dry land, but the Egyptians, when they attempted to do the same, were drowned.
30By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after they had been encircled for seven days.
31By faith Rahab the prostitute did not perish with those who were disobedient, because she had given a friendly welcome to the spies.
32And what more shall I say? For time would fail me to tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets—
33who through faith conquered kingdoms, enforced justice, obtained promises, stopped the mouths of lions,
34quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, were made strong out of weakness, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight.
35Women received back their dead by resurrection. Some were tortured, refusing to accept release, so that they might rise again to a better life.
36Others suffered mocking and flogging, and even chains and imprisonment.
37They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were killed with the sword. They went about in skins of sheep and goats, destitute, afflicted, mistreated—
38of whom the world was not worthy—wandering about in deserts and mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.
39And all these, though commended through their faith, did not receive what was promised,
7Πίστει χρηματισθεὶς Νῶε περὶ τῶν μήπω βλεπομένων, εὐλαβηθεὶς κατεσκεύασεν κιβωτὸν εἰς σωτηρίαν τοῦ οἴκου αὐτοῦ· δι' ἧς κατέκρινεν τὸν κόσμον, καὶ τῆς κατὰ πίστιν δικαιοσύνης ἐγένετο κληρονόμος.
8Πίστει καλούμενος Ἀβραὰμ ὑπήκουσεν ἐξελθεῖν εἰς τόπον ὃν ἤμελλεν λαμβάνειν εἰς κληρονομίαν, καὶ ἐξῆλθεν μὴ ἐπιστάμενος ποῦ ἔρχεται.
9Πίστει παρῴκησεν εἰς γῆν τῆς ἐπαγγελίας ὡς ἀλλοίαν, ἐν σκηναῖς κατοικήσας μετὰ Ἰσαὰκ καὶ Ἰακώβ, τῶν συγκληρονόμων τῆς ἐπαγγελίας τῆς αὐτῆς·
10ἐξεδέχετο γὰρ τὴν τοὺς θεμελίους ἔχουσαν πόλιν, ἧς τεχνίτης καὶ δημιουργὸς ὁ θεός.
11Πίστει καὶ αὐτὴ Σάρρα δύναμιν εἰς καταβολὴν σπέρματος ἔλαβεν, καὶ παρὰ καιρὸν ἡλικίας, ἐπεὶ πιστὸν ἡγήσατο τὸν ἐπαγγειλάμενον·
12διὸ καὶ ἀφ' ἑνὸς ἐγεννήθησαν, καὶ τούτου νενεκρωμένου, καθὼς τὰ ἄστρα τοῦ οὐρανοῦ τῷ πλήθει καὶ ὡς ἡ ἄμμος ἡ παρὰ τὸ χεῖλος τῆς θαλάσσης ἡ ἀναρίθμητος.
13Κατὰ πίστιν ἀπέθανον οὗτοι πάντες, μὴ λαβόντες τὰς ἐπαγγελίας, ἀλλὰ πόρρωθεν αὐτὰς ἰδόντες καὶ ἀσπασάμενοι, καὶ ὁμολογήσαντες ὅτι ξένοι καὶ παρεπίδημοί εἰσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς.
14οἱ γὰρ τοιαῦτα λέγοντες ἐμφανίζουσιν ὅτι πατρίδα ἐπιζητοῦσιν·
15καὶ εἰ μὲν ἐκείνης ἐμνημόνευον ἀφ' ἧς ἐξέβησαν, εἶχον ἂν καιρὸν ἀνακάμψαι·
16νυνὶ δὲ κρείττονος ὀρέγονται, τοῦτ' ἔστιν ἐπουρανίου· διὸ οὐκ ἐπαισχύνεται αὐτοὺς ὁ θεὸς θεὸς ἐπικαλεῖσθαι αὐτῶν· ἡτοίμασεν γὰρ αὐτοῖς πόλιν.
17Πίστει προσενήνοχεν Ἀβραὰμ τὸν Ἰσαὰκ πειραζόμενος, καὶ τὸν μονογενῆ προσέφερεν ὁ τὰς ἐπαγγελίας ἀναδεξάμενος,
18πρὸς ὃν ἐλαλήθη ὅτι Ἐν Ἰσαὰκ κληθήσεταί σοι σπέρμα,
19λογισάμενος ὅτι καὶ ἐκ νεκρῶν ἐγείρειν δυνατὸς ὁ θεός· ὅθεν αὐτὸν καὶ ἐν παραβολῇ ἐκομίσατο.
20Πίστει καὶ περὶ μελλόντων εὐλόγησεν Ἰσαὰκ τὸν Ἰακὼβ καὶ τὸν Ἠσαῦ.
21Πίστει Ἰακὼβ ἀποθνῄσκων ἕκαστον τῶν υἱῶν Ἰωσὴφ εὐλόγησεν, καὶ προσεκύνησεν ἐπὶ τὸ ἄκρον τῆς ῥάβδου αὐτοῦ.
22Πίστει Ἰωσὴφ τελευτῶν περὶ τῆς ἐξόδου τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐμνημόνευσεν καὶ περὶ τῶν ὀστέων αὐτοῦ ἐνετείλατο.
23Πίστει Μωϋσῆς γεννηθεὶς ἐκρύβη τρίμηνον ὑπὸ τῶν πατέρων αὐτοῦ, διότι εἶδον ἀστεῖον τὸ παιδίον, καὶ οὐκ ἐφοβήθησαν τὸ διάταγμα τοῦ βασιλέως.
24Πίστει Μωϋσῆς μέγας γενόμενος ἠρνήσατο λέγεσθαι υἱὸς θυγατρὸς Φαραώ,
25μᾶλλον ἐλόμενος συγκακουχεῖσθαι τῷ λαῷ τοῦ θεοῦ ἢ πρόσκαιρον ἔχειν ἁμαρτίας ἀπόλαυσιν,
26μεγίστωναἰνιδισμόν Χριστοῦ πλοὺτον ἡγησάμενος μᾶλλον ἢ τοὺς Αἰγύπτου θησαυρούς· ἀπέβλεπεν γὰρ εἰς τὴν μισθαποδοσίαν.
27Πίστει κατέλιπεν Αἴγυπτον, μὴ φοβηθεὶς τὸν θυμὸν τοῦ βασιλέως· τὸν γὰρ ἀόρατον ὡς ὁρῶν ἐκαρτέρησεν.
28Πίστει πεποίηκεν τὸ πάσχα καὶ τὴν πρόσχυσιν τοῦ αἵματος, ἵνα μὴ ὁ ὀλοθρεύων τὰ πρωτότοκα θίγῃ αὐτῶν.
29Πίστει διέβησαν τὴν ἐρυθρὰν θάλασσαν ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς γῆς· ἧς ἐπιχειρήσαντες οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καταποθῆναι ἐπνίγησαν.
30Πίστει τὰ τείχη Ἰεριχὼ ἔπεσαν κυκλωθέντα ἐπὶ ἑπτὰ ἡμέρας.
31Πίστει Ῥαὰβ ἡ πόρνη οὐ συναπώλετο τοῖς ἀπειθήσασιν, δεξαμένη τοὺς κατασκόπους μετ' εἰρήνης.
32Καὶ τί ἔτι λέγω; Ἐπιλείψει με γὰρ διηγούμενον ὁ χρόνος περὶ Γεδεών, Βαράκ, Σαμψών, Ἰεφθάε, Δαυίδ τε καὶ Σαμουὴλ καὶ τῶν προφητῶν·
33οἳ διὰ πίστεως κατηγωνίσαντο βασιλείας, ἠργάσαντο δικαιοσύνην, ἐπέτυχον ἐπαγγελιῶν, ἔφραξαν στόματα λεόντων,
34ἔσβεσαν δύναμιν πυρός, ἔφυγον στόματα μαχαίρης, ἐδυναμώθησαν ἀπὸ ἀσθενείας, ἐγενήθησαν ἰσχυροὶ ἐν πολέμῳ, παρεμβολὰς ἔκλιναν ἀλλοτρίων·
35ἔλαβον γυναῖκες ἐξ ἀναστάσεως τοὺς νεκροὺς αὐτῶν· ἄλλοι δὲ ἐτυμπανίσθησαν, οὐ προσδεξάμενοι τὴν ἀπολύτρωσιν, ἵνα κρείττονος ἀναστάσεως τύχωσιν·
36ἕτεροι δὲ ἐμπαιγμῶν καὶ μαστίγων πεῖραν ἔλαβον, ἔτι δὲ δεσμῶν καὶ φυλακῆς·
37ἐλιθάσθησαν, ἐπρίσθησαν, ἐπειράσθησαν, ἐν φόνῳ μαχαίρης ἀπέθανον· περιῆλθον ἐν μηλωταῖς, ἐν αἰγείοις δέρμασιν, ὑστερούμενοι, θλιβόμενοι, κακουχούμενοι,
38ὧν οὐκ ἦν ἄξιος ὁ κόσμος, ἐν ἐρημίαις πλανώμενοι καὶ ὄρεσιν καὶ σπηλαίοις καὶ ταῖς ὀπαῖς τῆς γῆς.
39Καὶ οὗτοι πάντες, μαρτυρηθέντες διὰ τῆς πίστεως, οὐκ ἐκομίσαντο τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν,

In this session, we seek to learn three vital truths. First, how incredible faith truly is—a grace by which we may draw near to God with confidence because we have a great High Priest. Second, how much we need to read and treasure the Old Testament, for it reveals God’s unfolding plan of redemption and showcases the examples of enduring faith. Third, we come to see how astonishing faith in Christ is, especially as we recognize that the saints of old looked forward in faith to promises they had not yet seen. They did not know Christ explicitly, and yet they trusted in God’s word and promises.

The inspired author of Hebrews functions as a commentator on these ancient heroes of faith, showing us the character of enduring faith—that is, faith which holds fast to God and perseveres to the end. This kind of faith is commended and approved by God. The audience of this epistle were Hebrew Christians—Jewish believers who had come to know Christ as Messiah. Abraham, the father of faith, loomed large in their cultural and religious memory. He was honored by them as a model of righteousness and trust in God. And yet, even Abraham had to humbly submit himself before the Lord, placing his full confidence not in himself, but in the promises of God. Who are we, sinful and finite, to approach a holy God? And yet, God in His grace has made a way.

Faith obeys God. True faith is not merely intellectual agreement—it acts. Abraham had a heart of faith that manifested itself in obedience. Though there were times when Abraham hesitated, doubted, or even disobeyed, Hebrews 11 still places him among the faithful. This demonstrates that faith is not perfection, but trust that leads to obedience. God speaks to us through His Word, giving clear commands: to live in harmony, to be fishers of men, to abstain from sexual immorality, to flee idolatry, to beware of the love of money, and not to grow weary in doing good. Yet how often do we disobey? What does our inconsistency say about our faith? How selective are we in choosing which commands we obey? At times, environments like college may feel like “spiritual Disneyland,” filled with distractions and diversions. But our obedience must not rest on external pressures or community consensus; it must be grounded in faith in a holy God.

Faith ventures into the unknown. When Abraham obeyed God’s call, he left his homeland and journeyed to a foreign place. In his time, this meant uprooting his entire household—a radical act of trust. When we, by faith, become more confident in God’s will than in our own plans or abilities, we often find ourselves at the edge of our comfort zones. As students and thinkers, we are used to having answers. But faith, if lived out genuinely, will bring us to places where we don’t know the answer. Perhaps this is because God desires us to depend more on Him than on our knowledge. Faith may lead us into uncomfortable conversations, uncertain career paths, and situations where we must trust God moment by moment. Just as Abraham stepped into the unknown, so must we.

Faith looks to eternity. It fixes its gaze on the heavenly city—the one with foundations, built by God, unshakable and sure. Our hope and confidence are anchored in that eternal city. Colossians 3 urges us to “seek the things that are above” and to set our minds on the things of Christ. Enduring faith sees the finish line and runs the race with perseverance. It is not bound to the fleeting concerns of this life but lives with eternity in view. Life is meant to be lived now and forever. God has promised eternal life through Christ, and faith embraces that promise with joy.

Faith believes in God’s promises against all odds. God promised Abraham that he would be the father of many nations—and so he had to receive a literal son. But Sarah was barren and well past childbearing age. Though there was a time when she doubted (Genesis 18), she ultimately considered God faithful, and Isaac was born. Abraham’s faith triumphed over logic and impossibility. When God later commanded him to offer Isaac as a sacrifice, Abraham obeyed, trusting that God could even raise the dead. His faith looked beyond the immediate and held to the promise.

Faith is often unfulfilled in this life. The Old Testament saints died in faith, never having seen the full realization of God’s promises—specifically the coming of Christ. God’s promises are not always fulfilled according to our timetable or expectations. The things we desire in this life pale in comparison to the inheritance we have in Christ, secured through His perfect priesthood. He who created the heavens, who sent His Son to redeem us, is faithful. Abraham was willing to sacrifice Isaac because he trusted God’s character and power. Ultimately, God spared Isaac, but did not spare His own Son, whom He crushed on the cross for our redemption. And just as God raised Jesus from the dead, He will raise us to eternal life. The patriarchs lived faithfully with an eye on the unfolding of God's plan, even if it stretched beyond their lifetimes. Joseph, at the end of his life, expressed faith that God would lead Israel out of Egypt—so much so that he made them promise to carry his bones with them. This generational faith reminds us that God’s plan often transcends our lifespans. If His promise is not fulfilled in my generation, perhaps it shall be fulfilled in the next.

Faith triumphs over fear. When Moses was born, Egypt had decreed death to all Hebrew baby boys. Yet Moses’ mother, in faith, hid him for three months. Her quiet courage defied Pharaoh’s command because she saw the child as precious in God’s eyes. When the basket floated down the Nile and was discovered, God’s providence was at work. What would God have me do, even when the cost is great? Faith does what is right in God’s sight, not man's.

Faith forsakes the world. Moses, though he could have lived in luxury as a prince of Egypt, chose instead to suffer with the people of God. He gave up earthly comfort for heavenly reward. How do we weigh the temporary pleasures of this life against the surpassing joy of obedience to God? Moses chose mistreatment because he desired something better—eternal rest with God.

Faith is delivered by God’s power. By faith, Moses kept the Passover, leading God’s people in obedience and trust. That faith was met by divine power. The Red Sea parted, Jericho’s walls fell—not because of human ingenuity, but because of God’s might. Our faith is not blind or wishful. It rests on the sure testimony of God’s ability to act. There is no such thing as a world apart from divine intervention. When we experience deliverance in life—whether small or great—do we recognize it as God’s doing? Do we give Him the credit for our conversations, our breakthroughs, our provisions? Faith acknowledges that every deliverance is by His hand.

Faith saves the sinner. Rahab heard of Yahweh and received the spies in peace. Though a prostitute, her faith spared her from destruction. The gospel testifies that no one is beyond the reach of grace. Abraham was once an idolater. Moses rebelled. Rahab was immoral. Yet God redeemed them. By faith, we are saved from the bondage of sin. On this side of the cross, as we wait for Christ’s return, will we place our faith in Him? Will we draw near to God, hold fast our confession, and help others do the same?

Knowledge must lead to response. The reward of faith is not comfort, but Christ. The heavenly city is our inheritance—eternal redemption secured by our Savior. We, sinners, place our faith not in ourselves but in Jesus Christ, the Righteous One, who gives us forgiveness of sins and entrance into the presence of the Holy God.

Thanks be to God for the gift of faith. Amen.

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